Windmill



(ModeL) i 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. P. OOAN.

WINDMILL.

Patented May 2,1882.

%% I BY .TTRNEYS.

N. PETERS. Phmumo m aer. Washington. D. c.

(MoileL) 2 sheetssheet 2.

S. P. OOAN.

WINDMILL.

0. 257,292. Patented May 2,1882.

WITNE INVENTOR: a ym 1% w/V BY Mg ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OrFrc SANTFORD P. (JOAN, OF MEDICINE LODGE, KANSAS.

WlNDMlLL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,292, dated May 2, 1882,

(Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SANTFORD P. (JoAN, of Medicine Lodge, in the county of Barbour and State of Kansas, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Windmills, of which the following is full, clear, and exact description.

The object of this invention is to provide a windmill of greater efficiency, durability, and strength than those heretofore invented, the mill having such construction that its power and speed may be regulated according to the work to be done, and adapted to transmit both direct rotary and direct reciprocating motion.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specificati0n,in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in allthe figures.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of my improved windmill, taken on the line .90 00 of Fig. 4. Fig.2 is a sectional plan taken on the line {U y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line zeof Fig. 4. Fig. tis aplan view of the mill.

. The derrick or frame upon which the mill is supported is composed of the pyramidicallyarranged posts A, which are suitably braced by the braces A A and tied together at the top by the tie-beams B B, and upon the top of the derrick 'or frame is formed the platform B.

Rising from the top of the frame, above the platform B, are the four posts 0, which are socurely held in the upper end of the frame by suitable fastenings and stays, and upon the top of these posts is secured the head-plate D, which is held to the posts by the tie rods or bars a. This head-plate is preferably annular inform, and is made with the central upwardly-extendingcircularflangc or collar,b,and with the peripheral upwardly-extending flanges 0r projections c, which carry the friction-wheels i, which reach into the annular space (I, in which space the lower flange, c, of the turn-table E is placed. The turn-table E fits over the collar l) of the head-plate, and is formed integral with the lower annular flange, c, and the upper horizontal flange or plate,f, which latter is mainly circular in form, but has the opposite extensions g and it formed on it, as shown clearly in Fig.2, for supporting the shaft F, which carries the wind-wheel H, and for supporting the vane G G. The turn-table rests and turns upon thefriction-wheels 1', and the table is held securely in place upon the headplate by means of the flange c passing under said friction-wheels, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The main shaft F is journaled in the crosspiecesjj,which are secured upon suitable studs or posts attached to or formed upon the extension g of the turn-tableI The wind-wheel is made up of the hub I, secured upon the shaft F a short distance from its outer end, the rim J, spokes k, (six or more in number,) and the small rim K, and of the sails L L. The spokes k pass from the hub I through the small rim K, and pass through the rim J and receive a nut upon their ends outside of the rim J, as clearly shown. Each of the sails L L is formed at its outer end with the pivot n, which is journaled in the rim J, and with the pivot 12, which passes through the auxiliary movable rim M, which rim attaches all the sails together at their outer ends. The inner ends of the sails L are formed with the short pivots Z, which are journaled in the rim K.

The inner ends of the sails L, instead of being formed with a short pivot, are formed with the long arms or pivots l, which pass through the rim K, and are bent to form cranks or levers, which are connected by the connecting-rodsp to and upon the periphery of the collar I, which collar is adapted to be moved backward and forward for throwing the sails in and out of the wind.

There may be three or more of the sails L, having the cranks Z in the wheel. The collar P is placed upon the headed sleeve N and turns upon the sleeve with the wheel. The slccveNmayhave the enlargement Q attached; to it, and to this enlargement is attached the rods (1 g, which pass through ways formed under the cross-piecesjj and reach past the governor shalt F, where they are tied together by the tie rod or plate 1', and this tie-rod is connected with the arms of the weighted bellcrank lever It by the connecting-rod t, so as to automatically move the sails in the manner and for the purposes hereinafter more fully de. scribed.

The governor-shaft F is journaled in the ICO shaft-support or yoke S, which is secured byv Q the bolts a a upon the turn-table E, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. Upon the said shaft F,immediately under itsjournal, is secured the beveled-gear wheel 0, which meshes with the beveled-gear wheel B, fixed upon the end of the main shaft F, and the governor-shaftreceives rotary motion therefrom. The governorshaft is held from downward movement in its bearing in the yoke by means of the collar u, fixed to it above the yoke, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

Upon the upper end of the governor-shaft is fixed the governor D, which is of ordinary construction, so far as the supports for the balls, the balls themselves, and the connect ing-rods e e are concerned. These connecting-rods connect the inner ends of the pivoted arms d d, to which the balls E E are attached, to the sliding sleeve G, placed upon the said governor-shaft, and this sleeve has the cross-head H swiveled to it, and to this cross-head is attached the forward end of the weighted bellcrank lever B, which lever is pivoted in the uprights T T, reaching up from the vane-boards G G, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The weight J of this bell-crank lever is adapted to be set at different positions on the arm s of the lever in the notches t" t, and the weight serves as a means of regulating the speed and consequently the power of the mill by counterbalancing the downward movement of the forward end of the lever and the consequent backward movement of the arm 8,

' caused by the centrifugal action of the balls of the governor, thus preventing all action of the governor upon the sails until the desired speed of the, mill shall have been reached. When the desired speed shall have been reached the centrifugal action of the governor will overcome the gravity of the weight J and will cause the forward end of the bell-crank lever B to be forced downward, which will cause all of the sails to be turned between the rims of the wind-wheel out of the wind. This movement of the governor and the bell-crank lever is communicated to the sails through the backward movement of the collar P, this collar being attached, as above described, by the rods 19 to the cranks l of the sails L, and being connected,as also above described, with the arms 8 of'the bell crank lever through the enlargement Q, rods q q, and pitman or connecting rod t. The action of the collar P upon the sails L through the leversp is communicated to all the other sails, L, through the connecting auxiliary rim M, this rim receiving backward movement direct from the sails L. The action of all of these parts will be just the reverse H the upper ends of the rods h h, which pass down through the holes f f in the sides of the yoke S, through the turn-table E, and through the head-plate D, the lower ends of the rods being attached to the hollow block N, which slides in the ways 7c, formed in two of the posts 0, and to this block I attach the rod 0, which reachesdown to the ground or platform of the mill, where suitable means will be provided for locking the rod when the same is drawn down for settingthe sails outof the wind, so that the wheel will remain at rest. In order to set the sails again into the wind for setting the wheel in motion, it will be only necessary to unlock the rod 0, when the weight J and bell-crank lever B will, through the above-described connections with the sails, turn the sails in proper position for takingthe wind.

It will be understood that the action of the bell-crank lever B upon the sails will be precisely the same, whether theforward end thereof be moved by a downward pull upon the rod 0. or by the action of the governor.

To the inner face of the beveled cog-wheel B is eccentrieally pivoted the connecting-rod T,'which imparts direct reciprocating motion to the piston orotherrod T, by which, through suitable connections, the work (pumping or other work) is performed.

The governor-shaft F may be a short shaft terminating near the face of the cog-wheel C; but in most instances it will be extended down through the turn-table E, head-plate D, and sliding block N to the ground or platform of the mill, so that direct rotary motion may be transmitted, if desired, from the mill.

The vane which keeps the wheel headed to the wind is composed of the boards GG, which are secured upon'the extension h of the turntable E, and are arranged diagonal to each other, and are held apartand made firm by the braces m m and the threaded bolts or crossrods m m, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. This arrangement of the boards Gr G' is of great advantage in keeping the mill steady, preventing the mill changing with every slight variation or change in the direction an d force of the wind, as is the case with mills in which only a single board is used.

The rim J of the wheel is held in its proper position and made firm, so as to stand the force of the wind coming against it and against the sails, by means of the guys a o, which reach from theextended forward end of the shaftF to the said rim, as clearly shown in the drawings. 1

By this construction the mill is made steady and firm, and regulates itself so that it will not be injured during high winds,-and is easily controlled and set, so as to give the desired speed and power, and is adapted to transmit both direct rotary and direct reciprocating motion.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a windmill, the combination, with the hub I, the spokes k, and the rims J K M, of the sails L L, pivoted to the said rims, the cranks l on the sails L, the connecting-rodp, the sliding collar I, connecting-rods q, and the weighted bell-crank lever B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a windmill, the combination, with the head-plate D, provided with the collar b, the projections c, and the friction-wheels pivoted to the said projections, of the turn-table E, pro: vided with the flange e, resting under the friction-wheels, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the table is held securely in place upon the headplate, as set forth.

3. In a windmill, the combination, with the posts 0, provided with the ways is It, of the cross-head H and connecting-rods h, the sliding block N, and the rod 0, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the lever B, at-

tached to the sliding cross-head H, and provided with the weight J, of the collar P, sleeve N, sliding rods q q, and pitrnan or connectingrod 25, the latter connecting with the arm 8 of z 5 the lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination, with the lever It, provided with the weight J, and connected to the sliding cross-head H, of the sliding block N, 30 rods h It, and the operating rod 0, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The annular turn-table E, in combination with the annular head-plate D, whereby the shaft F and the connecting-rod T are permit- 5 ted to pass through the same to the ground or platform of the mill, as and for the purposes set forth. 7

' SANTFORD PETER (JOAN.

Witnesses:

ALPHONSO VERNEIJL SHEPLER, IRA S. DECKER. 

